Differential pressure sensor for wet media and low-pressure ranges
American Sensor Technologies Inc. (AST) has released the AST5100 Wet/Wet differential pressure sensor for differential pressure measurement ranges as low as 0 to 5 in. of water column (0 to 0.18 psi) and up to 0 to 15 psid.
The company uses a macro sensors linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) to measure the movement of bellows and digitally amplifies the signal with new AST electronics. The LVDT is known throughout the sensor industry as a measurement device with accurate, repeatable measurements as low as a few millionths of an inch. The sensor is compensated from 30 to 130°F (0 to 55°C) using the same advanced electronics as the AST20HA pressure transducer. With its advanced linearity correction and thermal compensation, the AST5100 series meets the demanding performance characteristics industrial applications require.
The AST5100 is available with 1/8-in. NPT female pressure ports and two mounting holes for easy installation. With an optional 4-20mA or 0-5V output signal, the sensor is compatible with most PLCs and controllers. Each product is packaged with an M12x1 Eurofast electrical connection.
Built to withstand a line pressure up to 200 psi, the AST5100 series is designed for a variety of applications including filter monitoring, flow calculation across an orifice, and level measurement. By positioning the high-pressure (or upstream) side of the AST5100 before the filter and the low-pressure (or downstream) side after the filter, the cleanliness of the filter can be measured. As the pressure decreases, the output signal will increase. Pneumatic systems for clean rooms or water filtration equipment commonly utilize this type of device. With the use of an orifice, the series can be used to measure flow rates of liquids or gases based on the size of the orifice. Level measurement of sealed tanks can be measured by mounting the high-pressure side to the bottom of the tank with the low-pressure side connected into the top of the tank. The series can also be used as a gauge pressure sensor. By leaving the low-pressure side of the differential pressure sensor open to atmosphere, the series will measure the differential pressure between the high side and atmosphere.
Software offers new enhancements
Ikon Science has introduced upgrades and enhancements to its RokDoc-ChronoSeis application to provide fast seismic reservoir characterization. The software integrates seismic interpretation with geology, rock physics, and 3-D inversion methods to develop robust 3-D and 4-D reservoir models. The 3-D/4-D reservoir modeling and characterization tool predicts saturation and pressure changes from time-lapse seismic and production data in a 3-D geological model. Predictions are validated with 4-D seismic modeling. The gridless approach to building models on the fly from a recipe means that it is fast, flexible, and easy to update.
Features include access to the RokDoc database, offering well data, cross-plot polygons, etc. A new and fast stochastic inversion module allows users to assess uncertainty in reservoir properties and reduce risk. The structural/stratigraphic framework definition has been automated while still allowing full user control, making model-building a more intuitive process.
Also, 3-D geological models in depth can be created from time surfaces (and wells) using the new geostatistical depth conversion. A new trace calculator provides many standard calculations, including a user-defined formula option. Reservoir properties can now be imported from Eclipse as well as Petrel and RMS, and saturation and pressure from Eclipse Restart time-step files can be imported to make synthetic 4-D seismic. Reservoir properties can be exported, and existing SEG-Y datasets can be replicated with a reservoir property in place of the seismic samples. This ensures compatibility between the original seismic and the exported property data.
All 4-D models within RokDoc-ChronoSeis contain structure, chronostratigraphy, rock properties, data-varying seismic properties, and date-varying fluid saturation and pressure properties. The models can be realized on the fly for any property at any date and are presented as cross-sections and slices or exported as cubes. The application calculates date-dependent volumetrics and produces detailed well forecasts. If a consistent 4-D dataset is available, the software can be integrated with a geological model to predict fluid saturation and pressure changes.
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